Una investigadora española coordina la toma de datos de uno de los grandes experimentos del LHC
La investigadora María Chamizo Llatas, del Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) y el Centro Nacional de Física de Partículas, Astropartículas y Nuclear (CPAN), es desde este mes de enero la responsable de coordinar la toma de datos de CMS, uno de los dos mayores experimentos del Gran Colisionador de Hadrones (LHC), durante 2012-2013. Es la primera española en alcanzar la responsabilidad de la operación completa de un gran experimento como CMS, donde participan más de 2.000 científicos de 155 institutos y 37 países, entre ellos 88 españoles.
Chamizo Llatas ha sido nombrada “Run Coordinator” de CMS, figura responsable de la operación completa del detector CMS para optimizar la calidad de los datos que se toman cuando el LHC está en funcionamiento. “Esto supone coordinar la operación de los distintos subdetectores que forman parte del detector para obtener una alta eficiencia en la toma de datos y una excelente calidad de los mismos para su posterior análisis”, explica la investigadora.
Read more
Además, el run coordinator colabora con los responsables del sistema de adquisición de datos del experimento, el llamado ‘trigger’, y con los responsables de la calibración de los subdetectores. Para Chamizo, los resultados sobre la búsqueda de nueva física o el bosón de Higgs en el LHC se basan en un perfecto conocimiento del funcionamiento del detector y en una alta eficiencia de la toma de datos para poder acumular el volumen de datos necesario para encontrar “sucesos de interés”, colisiones donde se generan las partículas que se pretenden analizar y que se producen con una probabilidad muy pequeña.
Asimismo, como parte de su nueva función, Chamizo es la representante de CMS en las reuniones con el resto de experimentos del LHC y con el director de aceleradores del CERN, en las que se planifica el funcionamiento del acelerador teniendo en cuenta el amplio programa de investigación que se espera cumplir. A mediados de 2011 el LHC había producido la cantidad de datos que esperaba obtener en todo el año pasado, el primer paso para poner en marcha el amplio programa de investigación del LHC. Esto ha requerido una adaptación muy rápida de los experimentos para poder tomar una cantidad de datos cada vez mayor, ya que el LHC ha aumentado su luminosidad instantánea (cantidad de colisiones producida) por un factor cercano a 10 desde comienzos de 2011. María pasará a formar parte del comité ejecutivo del CMS y del órgano de gobierno de CMS.
TRAYECTORIA Y OBJETIVOS
María Chamizo Llatas es doctora en Física de Partículas por la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), realizando su tesis en el experimento L3 del LEP, el anterior acelerador de partículas del CERN. Tras seis años trabajando en la Universidad de Ginebra (Suiza) como investigadora principal, donde profundizó en el estudio de las propiedades del bosón W con datos tomados en la segunda fase del LEP, participó en la construcción y puesta a punto del detector de trazas de silicio de ATLAS, el otro gran experimento del LHC, al mismo tiempo que ejercía de profesora en la Universidad de Ginebra.
Posteriormente se incorporó al experimento CMS donde tuvo un papel crucial en la preparación del sistema de detección de muones y en la puesta a punto de todos los subdetectores de CMS para su puesta en marcha en septiembre de 2008. El objetivo que se marca como responsable del experimento para 2012 es “optimizar el funcionamiento de CMS para obtener una calidad y cantidad óptima de datos, puesto que 2012 será crucial para elucidar la existencia del bosón de Higgs”. Actualmente se están llevando a cabo los últimos preparativos para fijar las condiciones de operación del LHC en 2012.
Según Chamizo, es probable que la energía de los haces de partículas que circulan por el acelerador aumente para obtener colisiones a 8 TeV (teraelectronvoltios), uno más de lo que se venía produciendo desde el inicio de su funcionamiento en 2010. “Este aumento en energía será beneficioso para la búsqueda de nueva física y el descubrimiento o exclusión del bosón de Higgs”, explica Chamizo.
Enlaces:
Ultimos videos del CERN
Explorer leaves CERN: Interview prof. Eugenio Coccia
Explorer leaves CERN: Interview prof. Eugenio Coccia
L’antenne Explorer quitte le CERN, une interview avec le prof. Eugenio Coccia
Interview with prof. Eugenio Coccia on the occasion of the departure of the gravitational wave antenna Explorer from the CERN site to the European Gravitational Observatory EGO (Cascina, Pisa Italy)
Interview avec le prof. Eugenio Coccia à l’ occasion du départ de l’antenne pour ondes gravitationelles Explorer, du site du CERN en direction de l’Observatoire Européen Gravitationel (EGO) à Cascina, Pisa Italie.
Produced by: CERN Visual Media Office
Director: Paola Catapano
2’33” min. / 23 January 2012 / © 2012 CERN
Language: English
Fusion Plasma Physics and ITER – An Introduction (1/4)
http://teknociencia.com/clip/video/HRW4995U5G2K/Fusion-Plasma-Physics-and-ITER-An-Introduction-14
Fusion Plasma Physics in Magnetic Fusion,” DJ Campbell (la física básica de la fusión)
Fusion Plasma Physics and ITER – An Introduction (1/4)
Campbell, David (speaker) (ITER Organization, France)
CERN. Geneva
(Academic Training Lecture Regular Programme ; 2010-2011)
Academic Training Lectures
Academic Training Lecture Regular Programme
Abstract In November 2006, ministers representing the world’s major fusion research communities signed the agreement formally establishing the international project ITER. Sited at Cadarache in France, the project involves China, the European Union (including Switzerland), India, Japan, the Russian Federation, South Korea and the United States. ITER is a critical step in the development of fusion energy: its role is to confirm the feasibility of exploiting magnetic confinement fusion for the production of energy for peaceful purposes by providing an integrated demonstration of the physics and technology required for a fusion power plant. The ITER tokamak is designed to study the “burning plasma” regime in deuterium-tritium (D-T) plasmas by achieving a fusion amplification factor, Q (the ratio of fusion output power to plasma heating input power), of 10 for several hundreds of seconds with a nominal fusion power output of 500MW. It is also intended to allow the study of steady-state plasma operation at Q?5 by means of non-inductive current drive, preparing the way for fusion power plants to operate continuously. ITER relies on the “tokamak” magnetic confinement concept. In the first of 2 lectures, the essential elements of fusion power production in terrestrial plasmas will be summarized, key physics concepts of the magnetic confinement approach to the production of fusion plasmas introduced and the principal magnetic confinement configurations illustrated. The major characteristics of the tokamak will be discussed and the basis for the estimation of fusion power production in magnetically confined plasmas outlined. A brief comparison with the main physics and technology concepts relating to inertial confinement fusion will also be presented. The lecture will conclude with an introduction to the major elements of the ITER design. The second lecture will explore some of the key physics phenomena which govern the behaviour of magnetic fusion plasmas and which have been the subject of intense research during the past 50 years: plasma confinement, magnetohydrodynamic stability and plasma-wall interactions encompass the major areas of plasma physics which must be understood to assemble an overall description of fusion plasma behaviour. In addition, as fusion plasmas approach the “burning plasma” regime, where internal heating due to fusion products dominates other forms of heating, the physics of the interaction between the ?-particles produced by D-T fusion reactions and the thermal “background” plasma becomes significant. This lecture will also introduce the basic physics of fusion plasma production, plasma heating and current drive, and plasma measurements (“diagnostics”).
Fusion Plasma Physics and ITER – An Introduction (2/4)
http://teknociencia.com/clip/video/G7WUUB89RMUR/Fusion-Plasma-Physics-and-ITER-An-Introduction-24
“Physics of Tokamak Plasmas,” DJ Campbell (detalles de la física de la fusión)
Fusion Plasma Physics and ITER – An Introduction (2/4)
Campbell, David (speaker) (Particle Physics)
CERN. Geneva
(Academic Training Lecture Regular Programme ; 2010-2011)
Academic Training Lecture Regular Programme
The second lecture will explore some of the key physics phenomena which govern the behaviour of magnetic fusion plasmas and which have been the subject of intense research during the past 50 years: plasma confinement, magnetohydrodynamic stability and plasma-wall interactions encompass the major areas of plasma physics which must be understood to assemble an overall description of fusion plasma behaviour. In addition, as fusion plasmas approach the “burning plasma” regime, where internal heating due to fusion products dominates other forms of heating, the physics of the interaction between the ?-particles produced by D-T fusion reactions and the thermal “background” plasma becomes significant. This lecture will also introduce the basic physics of fusion plasma production, plasma heating and current drive, and plasma measurements (“diagnostics”).
The ITER Project. Further Development Towards a DEMO Fusion Power Plant (3/4)
“Fusion Technology for ITER, the ITER Project,” Guenter Janeschitz (por qué ITER es como es)
Fusion Technology for ITER, the ITER Project. Further Development Towards a DEMO Fusion Power Plant (3/4)
Janeschitz, Guenter (speaker)
CERN. Geneva
(Academic Training Lecture Regular Programme ; 2010-2011)
Academic Training Lecture Regular Programme
Abstract This is the second half of a lecture series on fusion and will concentrate on fusion technology. The early phase of fusion development was concentrated on physics. However, during the 1980s it was realized that if one wanted to enter the area of fusion reactor plasmas, even in an experimental machine, a significant advance in fusion technologies would be needed. After several conceptual studies of reactor class fusion devices in the 1980s the engineering design phase of ITER started in earnest during the 1990s. The design team was in the beginning confronted with many challenges in the fusion technology area as well as in physics for which no readily available solution existed and in a few cases it was thought that solutions may be impossible to find. However, after the initial 3 years of intensive design and R&D; work in an international framework utilizing basic fusion technology R&D; from the previous decade it became clear that for all problems a conceptual solution could be found and further developed. In the first lecture several of the most challenging problems and their solution will be described. It will be shown that the ITER design is based on a strong R&D; and prototyping program mostly performed during the 1990s. The last part of the first lecture and the initial part of the second lecture will concentrate on the present ITER design and some remaining challenges as well as on the status of the ITER project as of today. In the latter part of the second lecture an overview of the remaining technology challenges to be tackled when advancing from ITER to a DEMO fusion reactor will be given. As a summary the presently envisaged timescale as seen in the EU to arrive at an electricity producing DEMO will be shown and the personal opinion of the author how this can be accelerated if an APOLLO like program would be started for fusion will be given.
The ITER Project. Further Development Towards a DEMO Fusion Power Plant (4/4)
“Further Development Towards a DEMO Fusion Power Plant,” Guenter Janeschitz (sobre DEMO, el futuro de ITER)
Fusion Technology for ITER, the ITER Project. Further Development Towards a DEMO Fusion Power Plant (4/4)
Janeschitz, Guenter (speaker) (ITER Organization, France
CERN. Geneva
(Academic Training Lecture Regular Programme ; 2010-2011)
Academic Training Lecture Regular Programme
Friday, January 27th, 2012,
by Manuel and is filed under "Astrofisica, Atlas experiment, Big Bang, CERN, Ciencia, CMS experiment, Cosmologia, CPAN, CSIC, Cuántica, España, Estados Unidos, Europa, Fisica, Fisica de alta energia, Fisica de particulas, Fisica Nuclear, Fisica Teorica, Higgs, ITER, LEP, LHC, Matematicas, Materia, Mecanica cuantica, Science |
, CERN, Ciencia, CMS, Cosmologia, cpan, CSIC, España, Fisica, Fisica de particulas, Fisica Nuclear, Fisica Teorica, LHC, M Chamizo, Matematicas, Mecanica cuantica, Science ".
You can leave a response here,
or send a Trackback
from your own site.
